918²«ÌìÌÃ

½Ó´ý»á¼û918²«ÌìÌùٷ½ÍøÕ¾£¡

ÎÄÏ××ÊÁÏ

ÁªÏµ918²«ÌìÌÃ

918²«ÌìÌÃ

µç»°£º0570£­8788056

´«Õ棺0570£­8788381

ÓÊÏ䣺zjgykp@163.com

µØµã£ºÕã½­Ê¡áéÖÝÊж«¸Û¾­¼Ã¿ª·¢Çø

¶«¸Û4·2ºÅ

ÄúËùÔÚµÄÄ¿½ñλÖãºÊ×Ò³ > ÎÄÏ××ÊÁÏ > Èý¸ßÀàÎÄÏ×
  • ¹û½º¶àÌǽṹÓ뽵Ѫ֬Ñо¿½øÕ¹
  • Ðû²¼Ê±¼ä£º 2019/2/20¡¡µã»÷´ÎÊý£º3550¡¡
  •  

    ¹û½º¶àÌǽṹÓ뽵Ѫ֬Ñо¿½øÕ¹

    ²ÌΪÈÙ1 £¬ËïÔªÁÕ2 £¬ÌÀ ¼á3

    (1.°²»Õ¹¤³Ì¿Æ¼¼Ñ§ÔºÉú»¯Ïµ£¬°²»Õ Îߺþ 241000£»2.ɽÎ÷Ô˳ÇѧԺÉúÃü¿Æѧϵ£¬É½Î÷ ÔË³Ç 044000£»

    3. ½­ÄÏ´óѧ Ê³Æ·¿ÆѧÓë¼¼Êõ¹ú¼ÒÖصãʵÑéÊÒ£¬½­ËÕ ÎÞÎý 214122)

    רÌâÂÛÊö ʳƷ¿Æѧ 2010, Vol. 31, No. 05


    Õª Òª£º¹û½ºÊÇÒ»Öֹ㷺±£´æÓÚÖ²Îïϸ°û±ÚÖеĶàÌÇÀà´ó·Ö×ÓÎïÖÊ£¬À´Ô´¸»ºñ£¬ÎÞ¶¾£¬ÊÇÖØÒªµÄʳƷÌí¼Ó¼ÁÖ®Ò»¡£ËæןßѪ֬ÈËȺµÄÔö¶à£¬¹û½º¶àÌǵ÷ÀíѪ֬µÄ¹¦Ð§½á¹¹ÈÕÒæÊܵ½¹Ø×¢¡£±¾ÎÄ×ÛÊö¹û½º¶àÌǵĽṹ¡¢µ¨¹Ì´¼ÎüÊÕ¡¢   µ¨Ö­ËáµÄÊø¸¿ÓëÅųö¡¢Ö¬ÂÑ°×´úл±ä¸ï¼°½á³¦½Í½âµÄÑо¿½øÕ¹£¬Îª¹û½º¶àÌǽµÑªÖ¬ÉúÎï»îÐÔ¼°¹¹Ð§¹ØϵµÄ½øÒ»²½Ñо¿Ìṩ²Î¿¼¡£

    Òªº¦´Ê£º¹û½º¶àÌÇ£»½á¹¹£»½µÑªÖ¬£»Ñо¿½øÕ¹

    ¹û½ºÊÇÒÔÔ­¹û½º¡¢¹û½º¡¢¹û½ºËáµÄÐÎ̬¹ã·ºÂþÑÜÓÚÖ²ÎïµÄ¹ûʵ¡¢¸ù¡¢¾¥¡¢Ò¶ÖеĶàÌÇÀà¸ß·Ö×Ó»¯ºÏÎ ÓëÏËάËØ¡¢°ëÏËάËØÏà°é£¬×é³ÉÖ²Îïϸ°û°û¼ä²ã(middlelamella)ºÍ³õÉú±Ú(primary wall)¡£Ëæ×ÅÈËÃÇÉú»îˮƽµÄÈÕÒæÌá¸ß£¬·ÊÅÖ¡¢¸ßѪѹÒÔ¼°¸ß֬Ѫ֢µÈһЩËùν¡°·±»ª²¡¡±µÄ·¢²¡ÂʳÊÖðÄêÉÏÉýÖ®ÊÆ£¬¼°Ë湦ЧÐÔ¶àÌǵĿª·¢Ñо¿£¬¹û½º¶àÌǼ°Æ併Ѫ֬¹¦Ð§µÄÑо¿Ô½À´Ô½Êܵ½Ñо¿ºÍ¼Ó¹¤ÐÐÒµµÄÖØÊÓ¡£¹û½º¶àÌǽṹÅÓ´ó£¬ÆäÉúÀí»îÐÔÓëÆä½á¹¹½ôÃÜÏà¹Ø£¬¸÷¹úѧÕß½øÐÐÁË´ó×ÚµÄÑо¿ÊÂÇ飬±¾Îľ͹û½º¶àÌǽṹÓëµ÷ÀíѪ֬¹¦Ð§×÷Ò»×ÛÊö¡£

    1 ½á¹¹ºÍ»¯Ñ§×é³É

    ¾Í»¯Ñ§×é³ÉºÍÉúÎïºÏ³É¶øÂÛ£¬¹û½º¿ÉÄÜÊÇ×îÅÓ´óµÄÒ»Àà¶àÌÇ¡£¹û½ºÀà¶àÌÇ´ú±í¸ßµÈÖ²Îï³õ¼¶Ï¸°û±ÚºÍÏàÁÚ

    ϸ°û¼ä½ôÃÜÁªºÏµÄÒ»×é¶àÌÇ£¬Ò²´ú±í´ÓÖ²ÎïÖÊÁÏÖƱ¸µÄÒ»ÀàÅÓ´ó½º×´¶à¾ÛÌ壬ϰ¹ß³ÆΪ¹û½ºÌÇÎïÖÊ¡£Æ仯ѧ½á¹¹ºÍ·Ö×ÓÁ¿ÓëÆäÖ²ÎïÀ´Ô´¡¢×éÖ¯²¿Î»¡¢³ÉÊì¶È¼°ÌáÈ¡ÒªÁìµÈÒòËØÓйØ¡£ÔçÔÚ 1825 Ä꣬Raconnot Ê״δӺúÂܲ·ÖÐÌáÈ¡³öÒ»ÖÖË®ÈÜÐÔÎïÖÊ£¬¿ÉÐγÉÄý½º£¬²¢½«¸ÃÎïÖÊÃüÃûΪ¡°Pectin¡±(pectin Ô´ÓÚÏ£À°´Êpektos£¬ÓÐÄý¹Ì¡¢Äý½áÖ®Òâ) [1]¡£1944 Äê 4 ÔÂÃÀ¹ú»¯Ñ§»áÕýʽÐû²¼¡°¹û½ºÀàÎïÖʵÄÐÞ¶©Ãû³Æ¡±£¬¶ÔÆäʱ³£ÓõĹû½ºËá( p e c t i n

    acid)¡¢¹û½º(pectin)ºÍÔ­¹û½º(protopectin)Ãû´Ê»®·Ö»®¶¨Á˾۰ëÈéËáÈ©Ëá¡¢º¬ÓÐÖÐÐÔÌDzàÁ´ÇÒ²¿·Ö±»¼×õ¥»¯µÄ¹û½ºËá¡¢ÓëÏËάËغͰëÏËάËؽáºÏÔÚÒ»ÆðµÄ¼×õ¥»¯¾Û°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáÜյļÄÒå¡£Ëæ×Å¿Æѧ¼¼ÊõµÄÉú³¤£¬ÖÚ¶àѧÕßÔÚ¹û½º¶àÌÇÊèÉ¢´¿»¯¡¢¼×»ù»¯ÆÊÎö̼Á´½á¹¹ºÍËá»òøˮ½âµÈ·½Ãæ×öÁËÖÚ¶àÑо¿¡£È磬1955 ÄêBishop[ 2 ] ±¨µÀ£º²ÉÓòÝËá炙º³åÒºÌáÈ¡ÏòÈÕ¿ûÅ̶àÌÇ£¬ËữÒÒ´¼ÓëÏ¡¼î´¼³Á»®·ÖÖƵÃÆä¹û½ºÓë¶àÌÇ¡£Ö½²ãÎöʵÑéÏÔʾ£¬¸Ã¹û½º»ù±¾½á¹¹Îª¦Á(1 ¡ú 4)¼üºÏµÄD- °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëᣬ¶àÌÇÓÉ°ëÈéÌÇ¡¢ÆÏÌÑÌǺÍÉÙÁ¿°¢À­²®ÌÇ×é³É¡£1965 Ä꣬Zitko µÈ[ 3 ] ´ÓÏòÈÕ¿û¡¢Ìð²Ë¡¢Æ»¹ûºÍ¸ÌéÙÊèÉ¢³ö¹û½ºËᣬµçӾʵÑéÏÔʾÕâЩ¹û½ºËá¾ùÓÉÓÎÀë¾Û°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáÌǺÍÖ§Á´¼üºÏ¾Û°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáÌÇÁ½²¿·Ö×é³É¡£·¢Ã÷ÔÚÆ»¹û[ 4 ] ¡¢ÜÙÞ£[ 5 ] ¡¢¶¹¼Ô[6]ÖÐÓÉ°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá(1¡ú2)ÊóÀîÌÇ×é³ÉµÄ¾ÛÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËẬÁ¿½Ï¸ß¡£1973 Ä꣬Talmadge µÈ[ 7] ´ÓÎÞ»¨¹ûƤÌáÈ¡´¿»¯¾ÛÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËᣬΪÖÆÖ¹Ëá¶ÔÌÇÜÕ¼üÓвî±ðˮƽµÄË®½â¡¢¹ý¸ßµÄ¼îŨ¶È»áÓÉÓÚ±¬·¢ÍÑõ¥ºÍ¦Â - ÏûÈ¥·´Ó¦µÄÓ°Ï죬½ÓÄÉÄÚÇо۰ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëáøˮ½â£¬ÊͷųöÖÖÖÖ¶àÌÇƬ¶Î£¬¼×»ù»¯ºóµ¥ÌÇÈ©´¼ÒÒËáõ¥ÖÊÆ×ÆÊÎö±êÃ÷£º ÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇÖ÷Òª³ÊÊóÀîÌÇ-(1 ¡ú 4)- °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá(1 ¡ú 2)ÊóÀîÌÇ̼Á´½á¹¹¡£1978 Ä꣬Darvill µÈ[8]Óøߴ¿µÄÄÚÇо۰ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëáøˮ½â 7 ÖÖÐüÁåľϸ°û£¬Äý½ºÉ«Öù´¿»¯»ñµÃµÄÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ - ¢ò - ( R h a m n o - galacturonans II£¬RG- ¢ò)º¬Á¿Ïà½ü£¬RG- ¢òÓÉ°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá(GalA)¡¢ÊóÀîÌÇ(Rha)¡¢°¢À­²®ÌÇ(Ara)¡¢°ëÈéÌÇ(Gal) µÈ 10 ÖÖÌDzлù×é³É£»ÊóÀîÌDzлùÒÔ 2 ,4 ÌÇÜÕ¼üÁ¬½ÓÔÚD- °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá²Ð»ùÐγÉÖ÷Á´£»²àÁ´ÉÏÖ÷Òªº¬ L- °¢À­²®ÌÇºÍ D- °ëÈéÌDzлù¡£1997 Ä꣬Renard µÈ[9 ]½øÒ»²½Ó¦ÓÃHPLC É«Æ׺Í1 H NMR ÆÊÎöÁËÖÖÖÖ¶àÌÇËéƬ£¬Ö¤ÊµÁËÒÔÉÏÍƲâ¡£Ò»¸ö°ëÊÀ¼ÍÒÔÀ´£¬ÖÚ¶à¿Æѧ¼ÒÔÚ¹û½º¶àÌÇÁìÓò½øÐÐ×ÅϸÖ¶øÉîÈëµÄÑо¿£¬Ê¹¹û½º¶àÌǵĽṹ¡¢»¯Ñ§×é³ÉÔ½À´Ô½Ç÷ÓÚϵͳºÍÍêÉÆ¡£

    ¹û½º¶àÌǵķÖ×ÓÁ¿½éÓÚ 10000¡«400000D Ö®¼ä£¬Æä·Ö×ӽṹ·ÖΪƽ»¬ÇøÓëë·¢Çø£ºÆ½»¬ÇøÓɦÁ -D- °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá²Ð»ùͨ¹ý 1,4 ÌÇÜÕ¼üÏßÐÎÁ¬½Ó£»Ã«·¢ÇøÓɸ߶ȷÖÖ§µÄ¦Á - L - ÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá×é³É¡£Òò´Ë£¬Æ¾¾Ý½á¹¹·ÖÀ࣬ ¹û ½ºÀà¶àÌÇ°üÀ¨ 3 ´óÀà £º °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ (homogalacturonans£¬HGA)¡¢ÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ- ¢ñ(rhamnogalacturonans I£¬RG- ¢ñ)ºÍÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ- ¢ò¡£

    1.1 °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ(HGA)

    HGAÊÇÓɦÁ-D- °ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá²Ð»ùͨ¹ý1,4 ÌÇÜÕ¼üÁ¬½Ó¶ø³ÉµÄÏßÐÔÌÇÁ´£¬ÓÉ 100¡«500 ¸öGalA ²Ð»ù×é³É¡£ÆäÖаëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáµÄôÈ»ùÓвî±ðˮƽµÄ¼×õ¥»¯£¬Òò´ËÌìÈ»¹û½º·ÖΪ¸ß¼×Ñõ»ù¹û½º(HM)ºÍµÍ¼×Ñõ»ù¹û½º(LM)¡£Î´¼×õ¥»¯µÄôÈ»ùÔòÒÔÓÎÀëËáÐÎʽ»òÒÔK¡¢Na¡¢Ca ÑεÈÐÎʽ±£´æ¡£HM ¹û½ºÔÚÓÐ×ã¹»µÄÌÇŨ¶ÈºÍËáÌõ¼þϲŻªÐγÉÄý½º£»LM ¹û½ºÔÚCa2+ ±£´æʱͨ¹ý°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáÁ´ÓëCa2+ ½»Áª±¬·¢·Ö×Ó¼äµÞºÏ¶øÐγÉÄý½º(ͼ 1)[10]¡£ÓеÄGalA µÄC2 »òC 3 λôÇ»ù»¹±¬·¢ÒÒõ£»¯¡£

    1.2 ÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ- ¢ñ(RG- ¢ñ)

    ¹û½º¶àÌÇͨ³£ÎªÔÓ¶àÌÇ£¬³£ÔÚ¦Á -(1 ¡ú 4)Á¬½ÓµÄ¶à¾Û°ëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáÖ÷Á´Öмä²åÈëßÁà«ÐÍÊóÀîÌÇ(Rhap)£¬ÐγɰëÈéÌÇÈ©ËáºÍÊóÀîÌǽ»Ìæ×é³ÉµÄÖظ´µ¥Î»£º4 )- ¦Á - D - GalpA-(1,2)- ¦Á -L-Rhap-(1£¬¼´ÎªRG- ¢ñ(ͼ 2)[11]¡£ÔÚÊóÀîÌDzлùµÄC4 λ½áºÏÓвî±ðÖÖÀàµÄÖÐÐÔ»òËáÐԹѾÛÌÇ£º

    1)°¢À­²®°ëÈé¾ÛÌÇ(arabinogalactans)ÒԦ -(1 ¡ú 4)Á¬½ÓµÄ¶à¾Û°ëÈéÌÇΪÖ÷Á´²¢´øÓЦÁ -(1 ¡ú 5)L- °¢À­²®ß»à«ÌDzлù(Araf)²àÁ´£»2)°ëÈé¾ÛÌÇ(galactan)ÊǸ߶ȷÖÖ§µÄ¶àÌÇ£¬918²©ÌìÌÃ(ÖйúÇø)Æì½¢Ìü

    ͼ 1 LM¡°µ°ºÐ¡±½ºÄýÄ£ÐÍ

    Fig.1 Schematic egg box model of calcium binding to low-methoxyl pectin

    Óɦ -D- ßÁà«°ëÈéÌDzлùÒÔ 1,3 ºÍ 1,6 ¼üÏ໥Á¬½Ó¶ø³É£»

    3)°¢À­²®¾ÛÌÇ(arabinan)ÓÉ L- °¢À­²®ÌDzлùÒÔ 1,5 ¼üÁ¬½Ó, ²¢½ÓÓÐ 1 , 3 ·ÖÖ§¡£±ðµÄ£¬Ã«·¢ÇøµÄ²àÁ´Ä©¶Ë»¹·¢Ã÷ÓЦÁ -L- ¹ûÌDzлù(Fucp)£¬¦Â -D- ÆÏÌÑÌÇÈ©Ëá²Ð»ù(GlcpA)£¬ ÒÔ¼°4-O- ¼×»ù- ¦Â-D- ÆÏÌÑÌÇÈ©Ëá²Ð»ù(4-O-Me GlcpA)µÈ¡£

     1.3 ÊóÀî°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëá¾ÛÌÇ-II(RG-II)

    RG-IIÊÇËùÓиߵÈÖ²ÎïµÄϸ°û±ÚÖоùº¬ÓеÄÒ»ÖÖËáÐÔ¹û½º£¬Æä½á¹¹ÌØÕ÷ÊÇÖ÷Á´Îª¾ù¾Û°ëÈéÌÇÈ©Ëᣬ²àÁ´º¬ÓÐ 4 ÖֽṹÅÓ´óµÄ¹ÑÌÇ(ͼ 3)¡£Óëϸ°û±ÚÖеÄÅðÐγɸ´ºÏÎ¼ÓÈëÅðµÄÔËÊä[12]¡£RG-II ¶àÌÇÄÜÓëǦÀë×Ó÷¡ºÏ£¬¾ßÓнⶾÓëÃâÒßµ÷Àí»îÐÔ[13]¡£Nergard µÈ[14] Ñо¿±êÃ÷£¬´Ó°ßð¯¾ÕµÄ¸ùÖÐÌáÈ¡µÄº¬ÓÐRG- II ½á¹¹µÄËáÐÔ¹û½ºÎïÖÊ£¬ ¾ßÓв¹ÌåÐÞ¸´ÒÔ¼°Ôö½øB ÓëT Ï¸°ûÉú³¤»îÐÔ¡£

     

    2 ¹û½º¶àÌǵ÷ÀíѪ֬»úÀí

     ÔçÔÚ 20 ÊÀ¼Í 60 Äê´ú£¬ÔÚÈ˺ʹóÊóµÄÑо¿ÖоÍÒÑ·¢ÏÖ¹û½º¶àÌÇÄܽµµÍѪÇ嵨¹Ì´¼Ë®Æ½[16- 17 ]£¬½ñºó£¬ÔÚµ¨¹Ì´¼µÄÏû»¯¡¢ÎüÊÕ¡¢×ªÔ˵ȷ½Ã濪չÁËÓйعû½º¶àÌǽµµÍѪÇ嵨¹Ì´¼µÄÑо¿¡£

    2.1 ¹û½º¶àÌǶԵ¨¹Ì´¼ÎüÊÕµÄÓ°Ïì

    »úÌåÄڵĵ¨¹Ì´¼Ö÷ÒªÓÐÁ½ÖÖÀ´Ô´£¬Ò»ÖÖÊdz¦µÀÄÚÎüÊÕµÄÉÅʳµ¨¹Ì´¼¡¢µ¨¹Ì´¼õ¥ºÍµ¨Ö­Öеĵ¨¹Ì´¼£¬ÁíÒ»ÖÖÊǸÎÔàºÍÍâÖÜ×éÖ¯Öб¬·¢µÄµ¨¹Ì´¼¡£ÒûʳÖе¨¹Ì´¼õ¥ÔÚÒÈÏÙÅÅйµÄµ¨¹Ì´¼õ¥Ã¸Ë®½âÏÂÉú³Éµ¨¹Ì´¼£¬Ó뵨֭Ëá¡¢Á×Ö¬¡¢¸ÊÓÍÖ¬Ò»Æð×é³É»ìÏý΢ÍÅ£¬ÎüÈëð¤Ä¤Ï¸°û£¬ ÔÚÄÚÖÊÍøÄÚÐγÉÈéÃÓ΢Á££¬¾­ÁÜ°Íϵͳ½øÈëѪҺÍê³ÉÏû»¯ÎüÊÕ¡£¹û½ºÎüË®ÐÔÇ¿ÇÒÄÑÏû»¯£¬´Ó¶ø¿É³äÔ£³¦Î¸¡£µ« ¶ÔÒÈÏÙÅÅй½öÓкÜСӰÏì[18 ]¡£Jacobs[19 ]ÈÏΪ¹û½º»áÔö¼ÓÈÞëϸ°ûµÄÍÑÂä¡£Kelley µÈ[20]½ÓÄÉ14C ±ê¼Çµ¨¹Ì´¼,¿¼²ì½á¹ûÏÔʾ£¬ÉãÈë¹û½º¡¢¹Ï¶û½º¡¢³µÇ°×Ó½º¾ù¿Éʹ¸ÎÖе¨¹Ì´¼ÎüÊÕϽµ£¬½ö¹û½º¿ÉʹѪ½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼ÎüÊÕϽµ¡£´ó¶¼Ñ§ÕßÈÏΪ£¬¹û½º¾ßÓÐÄý½ºÌØÐÔ£¬Ó°Ï쵨¹Ì´¼ÓëÏû»¯Ã¸¡¢µ¨Ö­Ëá΢Íż°³¦ð¤Ä¤µÄ½Ó´¥£¬Í¬Ê±Êø¸¿µ¨ËᣬÔì³ÉÖ¬ÖÊÈ黯ÕÏ°­[ 2 1 ] £¬¼õÂý³¦ÏµÄ¤µÄÁÜ°ÍÑ­»·¼°µ¨Ö­ÔÙÑ­»·¡£

    2.2 ¹û½º¶àÌǶԵ¨Ö­ËáµÄÊø¸¿ÓëÅųöµÄÓ°Ïì

    µ¨Ö­ËáÔÚ¸ÎÔàÖÐÓɵ¨¹Ì´¼ºÏ³Éºó¾­³¦¸ÎÑ­»·ÅÅÈëÊ®¶þÖ¸³¦£¬Î¬³ÖÈËÌå¶ÔÖ¬ÖÊÎïÖʵÄÏû»¯ÎüÊÕ¡£Õý³£Çé¿öÏ£¬´ó²¿·Öµ¨Ö­ËáÔÚС³¦Öо­¸Î³¦Ñ­»·ÖØÎüÊÕ½øÈë¸ÎÔ࣬´Ó¶øʹµ¨Ö­Ëá¼á³ÖÎȶ¨¡£¹û½ºÊø¸¿µ¨Ö­Ëá¡¢Ôö½øÆäÅųö£¬Í¨¹ý¸ÎÄÚµ¨¹Ì´¼³Øƽºâ£¬Å²ÓÃѪ½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼£¬ ´Ó¶øÆðµ½½µµ¨¹Ì´¼µÄ×÷Óá£

    1990 Ä꣬ÃÀ¹úFernandez µÈ[22]±¨µÀ£¬µ¨¹Ì´¼ËÇÁϼÓ1% ÏÉÈËÕƹû½º£¬Î¹Ñø¼¸ÄÚÑÇÖí 25d£¬Ñª½¬µÍÃܶÈÖ¬µ°°×µ¨¹Ì´¼(LDL-C)Ͻµ 33%£¬¸Îϸ°û΢Á£ÌåµÄ 3- ôÇ»ù-3- ¼×»ùÎì¶þõ£¸¨Ã¸A »¹Ô­Ã¸(µ¨¹Ì´¼ºÏ³ÉÏÞËÙø)Ũ¶ÈûÓбä¸ï£¬ÓÎÀ뵨¹Ì´¼Ó뵨¹Ì´¼õ¥»®·ÖϽµ 40 % Óë 8 5 %¡£Ìí¼Ó¹û½º( 1 2 . 5 %) µ½µÍ¡¢¸ßµ¨¹Ì´¼ËÇÁÏÖУ¬¿Éʹ¸ÎÄÚ7¦Á - ôÇ»¯Ã¸(µ¨Ö­ËáºÏ³ÉÏÞËÙø)»îÐÔ»®·ÖÉϵ÷3±¶ºÍ5±¶[23]¡£½á¹ûÏÔʾ¹û½ºÏµ÷Ѫ½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼µÄ;¾¶£¬ÀàËÆÓÚµ¨Ö­Ëá½áºÏÊ÷Ö¬¡£ 

    ¹û½º¶ÔÖ¬ÖÊ´úлµÄ×÷Óã¬ÓëÆä½á¹¹¡¢ð¤¶È¡¢ÑôÀë×Ó½»»»ÌØÐÔ¼°Ïû»¯µÀÄÚµÄÅÅйÎï±ä¸ïÓйØ¡£Terpstra µÈ±¨µÀ£ºÌí¼Ó¸ßð¤¶È¸ÆÃô¸ÐµÄ¹û½º( DE£¬69 %)¡¢µÍð¤¶È¸Æ²»Ãô¸ÐµÄ¹û½º( DE£¬34 %)¡¢¸ßð¤¶È¹Ï¶û¶¹½º¡¢µÍð¤¶È¹Ï¶û¶¹½ººÍ³µÇ°×Ó½ºÓÚËÇÁÏÖУ¬´óÊó 8 ÖÜιÑøºó½á¹ûÏÔʾ£º ¸ßð¤¶È¹û½ºÊµÑéÊóÖÐѪ½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼õ¥×ªÔËÂÑ°×(CETP)»îÐԱȵÍð¤¶È¹û½ºÏÔÖøϽµ£»·à±ãÖе¨Ö­ËáºÍÖÐÐÔçÞ´¼Ôö¶à[ 24 ]£»¶øÌí¼Ó 8% ³µÇ°×Ó½º£¬¸ÎÖÐ×ܵ¨¹Ì´¼ºÍµ¨¹Ì´¼õ¥±È¹û½º×éÓÐÏÔÖøϽµ£¬·à±ãÁ¿Ôö¼Ó 9 0 %£¬µ¨(Ëá) ÑΡ¢¶ìÍÑÑõµ¨( Ëá) ÑΡ¢¸Ê°±ËáºÍÅ£»ÇËẬÁ¿ÏÔÖøÌá¸ß[ 25 ] ¡£Ìáʾ¹û½ºÓ복ǰ×Ó½º½µÑªÖ¬»úÖÆÓвî±ðÖ®´¦¡£

    2.3 ¹û½º¶àÌǶÔÖ¬ÂÑ°×´úлµ÷¿ØµÄÓ°Ïì

     ABCA1 ºÍATP Ϊ½áºÏתÔËÂÑ°×£»ACAT Ϊ֬·¾õ£- µ¨¹Ì´¼õ£»ùתÒÆø£»CETP Ϊµ¨¹Ì´¼õ¥×ªÔËÂÑ°×£» CE Ϊµ¨¹Ì´¼õ¥£» CM ΪÃÓÈé΢Á££»CR ΪʣÓà¿ÅÁ££»HL Ϊ¸ÎÖ¬·¾Ã¸£»LDL-R ΪLDL ÊÜÌ壻Ch Ϊµ¨¹Ì´¼£» SR-B1 ΪÇåµÀ·òÊÜÌå-B1¡£

    ͼ 4 µ¨¹Ì´¼¼°ÔØÖ¬ÂÑ°×תÔËʾÒâͼ

    Fig.4 Schematic diagram of cholesterol and lipoprotein  metabo- lism

     20 ÊÀ¼Í³õ´ó×ÚµÄÁ÷Ðв¡Ñ§Ñо¿·¢Ã÷Ѫ½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼(TC) ˮƽ¡¢¸ÊÓÍÈýõ¥(TG) Óë¹ÚÐIJ¡µÄ²¡ËÀÂÊÃÜÇÐÏà¹Ø¡£90 Äê´úͨ¹ý¶ÔÖ¬ÖÊ£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÖ¬ÂÑ°×µÄÑо¿ÏÔʾ£¬ LDL-C Ôö¸ßÔö½ø¶¯ÂöÖàÑùÓ²»¯£¬¸ßÃܶÈÖ¬ÂÑ°×- µ¨¹Ì´¼(HDL-C) Ôö¸ßÔòÓбÜÃ⶯ÂöÖàÑùÓ²»¯×÷Óá£HDL- C ÊÓΪ¡°ºÃµÄµ¨¹Ì´¼ ¡±¡£

    Fernandez µÈ[22 ]Ñо¿±¨µÀ£¬ÉãÈë¹û½º¡¢¹Ï¶û½º¡¢³µÇ°×Ó½ººó£¬Ñª½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼ÏÔÖøϽµ£»¼«µÍÖ¬ÂÑ°×(VLDL) ÖÐTG ºÍÁ×Ö¬º¬Á¿Ôö¼Ó£¬ÌåÏÖÓÐÐÂÉúµÄVLDL Éú³É£»ÂÑÁ×Ö¬µ¨¹Ì´¼Ö¬õ£×ªÒÆø(LCAT)ºÍCETP »îÐÔϽµ£»·ÅÉäÐÔ±ê¼ÇVLDL²âµÃVLDLתÔ˸ü¿ì¡¢LDL-apoB ÍâÁ÷Ìá¸ß£¬ ±êÃ÷¹û½ºµÈÎïÖʵÄÉãÈë¿ÉÉϵ÷LDL ÊÜÌå¡£Brown µÈ[26]½øÒ»²½Ñо¿Ö¸³ö£¬ÉãÈëÿ¿Ë¹û½º¿É»®·Öϵ÷×ܵ¨¹Ì´¼ºÍµÍÃܶÈÖ¬ÂÑ°×µ¨¹Ì´¼Ô¼ 0.070mmol/L ºÍ 0.055mmol/L¡£

    ½ü´úҽѧÑо¿ÏÔʾ£¬ÇåµÀ·òÊÜÌå-B1(SR-B1)ºÍÏÙÈýÁ×½áºÏºÐתÔËÌåA1(ABCA1)Ôڽ鵼ϸ°ûÄÚµ¨¹Ì´¼Á÷³öÖз¢»ÓÖØÒª×÷ÓÃ[27](ͼ4)¡£SR-B1 ½éµ¼µÄ¸ÎÔà¿É´ÓHDL Ñ¡ÔñÐÔÉãÈ¡µ¨¹Ì´¼¡£ÆäÖÐapo A ¢ñÊÇ HDL ×îÖ÷ÒªµÄÂÑ°×Éí·Ö£¬Óë¸ßÃܶÈÖ¬ÂѰ׿ÅÁ£µÄÐγÉÓйØ£»ÊÇÂÑÁ×Ö¬µ¨¹Ì´¼õ£»ùתÒÆø(LCAT)µÄÖ÷Òª¼¤»î¼Á¡£HDL ¿É½«Ðî»ýÓÚÄ©ÉÒ×éÖ¯µÄÓÎÀ뵨¹Ì´¼ÓëѪѭ»·ÖеÄÖ¬ÂÑ°×»òijЩ´ó·Ö×Ó½áºÏ£¬ÔËÊäµ½¸ÎÔ࣬½øÐе¨¹Ì´¼µÄÄæתÔË¡£A B C A 1 ÊÇÔØÖ¬ÂѰ׽鵼µÄÖ¬ÖÊÄæתÔËͨ·ÖеÄÏÞËÙÂÑ°×ÖÊ£¬×ªÂ¼ºóµÄµ÷Àí¿Éͨ¹ýÓëapoA ¢ñµÄ½áºÏÀ´ÊµÏÖ¡£ÏÖÒÑÖªµ¨¹Ì´¼¡¢acLDL¡¢oxLDL µÈ¶à¸öÒòËØ¿ÉÒÔµ÷Àí ABCA1 µÄ»îÐÔ[ 2 8 ] ¡£

    ÀîïÑÔµÈ[29]Ñо¿ÁËÜñ½Õ¹û½º¶Ô¸ß֬Ѫ֢´óÊóµ÷Ö¬×÷Ó㬽á¹ûÏÔʾÜñ½Õ¹û½º³Ê¼ÁÁ¿ÒÀÀµÐÔµØÃ÷ÏÔ½µµÍ¸Îµ¨¹Ì´¼¡¢TC¡¢LDL-C£¬¸ßÃܶÈÖ¬ÂÑ°×ÑÇ×é·Ö3 µ¨¹Ì´¼(HDL3-C) ¼°ÑªÇåTG µÄº¬Á¿¡£¿ÉÃ÷ÏÔÌá¸ß¸ßÃܶÈÖ¬ÂÑ°×ÑÇ×é·Ö2 µ¨¹Ì´¼(HDL2-C) µÄº¬Á¿¡£

    ±ðµÄ£¬¹Ï¶û¶¹½º¡¢Ìð²Ë¶àÌÇ¿ÉÉϵ÷LDL ÊÜÌåºÍϵ÷SR-B1 »îÐÔ[30-31]¡£

    2.4 ¹û½º¶àÌǶԽ᳦·¢½Í×÷ÓõÄÓ°Ïì

    »úÌå×Ô¼º²»ÅÅй½µ½â¹û½ºµÄø£¬¹û½º¿É±»´ó³¦ÄÚµÄ Î¢ÉúÎï·¢½Í½µ½â£¬±¬·¢¶ÌÁ´Ö¬·¾Ëá( SCFA)£¬ºó¾­ÃÅÂöϵͳ½øÈë¸ÎÔà´úл¡£Gulfi µÈ±¨µÀ¹û½ºµÄ·Ö×ÓÁ¿ºÍð¤¶È²¢²»Ó°ÏìÆä½Í½âÐÔ£¬¸ß¼×Ñõ»ù¹û½º±¬·¢µÄSCFA Á¿ÉԶ࣬ ¸ß¼×Ñõ»ù¹û½ºÍêÈ«½Í½âʱ¼ä¶Ì£¬µÍ¼×Ñõ»ù¹û½ºÍêÈ«½Í½âʱ¼ä³¤[32 ]£¬³¦¾ú¶Ô¹û½º´úлµÄÖ÷ÒªÖÕÄ©²úÆ·ÊÇÒÒËá¡¢±ûËá¡¢¶¡Ëá¡¢¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼¡¢¼×Íé¡¢ÇâÆøºÍË®¡£¿ÉÈÜÐÔÏËά¹û½ºÉú³ÉÒÒËá¡¢±ûËá¡¢¶¡ËáµÄ±ÈÀýԼΪ 80 : 12 : 8 [ 3 3 ] ¡£ÒÒËá¡¢±ûËá¡¢¶¡Ëá±»½á³¦ð¤Ä¤ÉÏƤϸ°ûÎüÊÕ¡£¹û½ºÃ«·¢ÇøÉú³É±ûËá±ÈÀý±È°¢À­²®½º¡¢µÍ¼×Ñõ»ùÆ»¹û¹û½º¡¢¸ß¼×Ñõ»ùÆ»¹û¹û½º¸ß[34 ]¡£¶¯ÎïʵÑé±êÃ÷£¬±ûËáÑοÉʹѪ½¬

    µ¨¹Ì´¼Ë®Æ½Ï½µ[35]£»ÒÒËáÑÎÒÖÖƸÎÄÚµ¨¹Ì´¼µÄºÏ³É£¬²¢

    ʹѪ½¬µ¨¹Ì´¼Ïò¸ÎÄÚתÒÆ[36]¡£Ò²ÓÐÈËÈÏΪ½Í½âÔö¼ÓÁË´ó³¦ÄÚϸ¾úµÄ»îÐÔ£¬Ê¹µ¨Ö­ËáÀëÉ¢£¬²»Ò×±»½á³¦ð¤Ä¤ÎüÊÕ¶ø±»Åųö£¬µ¼ÖÂÖØкϳɵ¨¹Ì´¼À´Ôö²¹µ¨Ö­Ëá[ 3 7 ] ¡£


     ×ÛÉÏËùÊö£¬¹û½º¶àÌÇÊÇͨ¹ý½µµÍµ¨¹Ì´¼ÎüÊÕ¡¢Ôö½øµ¨Ö­ËáµÄÊø¸¿ÓëÅųö¡¢Éϵ÷LD L ÊÜÌå¡¢¼ÓËÙÔØÖ¬ÂÑ°×תÔ˺ͽ᳦·¢½Í×÷Ó㬶à;¾¶µ÷¿Ø»úÌåÄÚµ¨¹Ì´¼¼°¸ÊÓÍÈýõ¥º¬Á¿¡£ÓÉÓÚ¹û½º¶àÌǽṹÅÓ´óÐÔ£¬½ºÄýÐÔ¡¢½á³¦·¢½Íˮƽ¾ù²î±ð¡£Æä²úÆ·¶Ôµ¨¹Ì´¼´úл¡¢²ÐÔü¶Ôµ¨Ö­ËáÊø¸¿¡¢ÒÔ¼°»úÌ峦µÀ¾ú¡¢ÒæÉú¾úÓ볦µÀÈ䶯µÈÖî¶àÒòËØÏ໥ӰÏ죬¹û½º¶àÌǽµÑªÖ¬µÄÁ¿Ð§¹ØϵÉÐÐè½øÒ»²½Ñо¿¡£

    3 ½á Óï

    ½ü 20 ÄêÀ´£¬Åãͬ×ÅÉú»î½Ú×àµÄ¼ÓËÙ¡¢Òûʳ½á¹¹µÄ¸Ä±ä£¬ÈËÃÇÌåÁ¦Ô˶¯µÄ¼õÉÙ£¬¸ßѪ֢֬³ÉΪÍþвÈËÀàÉúÃü½¡¿µµÄ³£¼û²¡¡¢¶à·¢²¡¡£ÎÒ¹úµ÷ÀíѪ֬±£½¡Ê³Æ·Êг¡ÔøÒ»¶ÈÔÓÂÒ£¬Á¼Ý¬²»Æ롣ȷ¶¨¹¦Ð§Òò×Ӻ͹¹Ð§¡¢Á¿Ð§¹ØϵµÄµÚ¶þ²úÆ·½ÏÉÙ¡£¹û½º¶àÌÇ×ÊÔ´¸»ºñ£¬¶Ô»úÌåÎÞ¸±×÷Óã¬ÔÚʳƷ¼°Ò½Ò©¹¤ÒµÓ¦Óù㷺¡£¹û½º¶àÌǽµÑªÖ¬»úÀíÆ«ÖØÓÚµ¨Ö­ËáµÄÊø¸¿ÓëÅųö£¬½øÒ»²½¿ªÕ¹¹û½º¶àÌǽṹÓë×÷ÓûúÀíµÄÑо¿£¬¿ÉΪ½µÑªÖ¬¶àÌǵĿª·¢Ìṩ²Î¿¼¡£

    Research Progress in Structure and Hypolipidmic Mechanisms of Pectic Polysaccharides

     

    CAI Wei-rong1£¬SUN Yuan-lin2£¬TANG Jian3

    (1. Department of Biochemistry, Anhui College of Technology and Science, Wuhu 241000, China£»

    2. Department of Life Sciences, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China £»

    3. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China)

     

    Abstract £ºPectin is complex polysaccharides in cell walls of all plants. It is one of the most important food additives due to its abundant source and safety. Increasing attention has been paid to using pectic polysaccharides for the hypolipidemic function because of increasing number of hyperlipidemic patients. In this paper, the structure of pectic polysaccharides, and the effects of pectic polysaccharides on cholesterol absorption, bile acid chelation and secretion, plasma lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism and colon glycolysis are reviewed. All of these investigations will provide a reference to further explore structure-activity relationship of pectic polysaccharides on hypolipidemic function.

    Key words£ºpectic polysaccharide£»structure£»antihyperlipidemia£»research progress

    ÖÐͼ·ÖÀàºÅ£º O636.1 ÎÄÏ×±êʶÂ룺A ÎÄÕ±àºÅ£º1002-6630(2010)05-0307-05

     

  • ÉÏһƪ£ºµÍ·Ö×Ӹ̽۹û½º·Û¶ÔÌÇÄò²¡Ð¡ÊóѪÌÇ¡¢ÑªÖ¬µÄµ÷Àí×÷ÓÃ
    ÏÂһƪ£º
  • ·µ»ØÐÂÎÅÁбí
 

    ÁªÏµ918²«ÌìÌÃ

  • µØµã£ºÕã½­Ê¡áéÖÝÊж«¸Û¾­¼Ã¿ª·¢Çø¶«¸Û4·2ºÅ
  • ÁªÏµµç»°£º0570£­8788056
  • ×ÉѯÈÈÏߣº400-7118-600
  • E-mail£ºzjgykp@163.com

Coptyright © 2018 zjgykp.com All Rights Reserved. °æȨËùÓÐ 918²«ÌìÌà  ¼¼ÊõÖ§³Ö£ºÕã½­Ö¥Â鿪ÃÅ  ÕãICP±¸19048970ºÅ-1|ºǫ́ÖÎÀí
ÍøÕ¾µØͼ
ÓÑÇéÁ´½Ó£º¾ÅÓλáJ9  AGÆì½¢Ìü  W88Óŵ¹ÙÍø  ½ñÄê»á  AG¾ÅÓλᠠ¿­·¢K8Æì½¢Ìü  ÄϹ¬28  918²©ÌìÌùÙÍø  ¾ÅÓλáJ9  ±ØÍþbetway  ¿­·¢K8Æì½¢Ìü  AGÆì½¢Ìü  ºÍ¼Çag  8868ÌåÓý  918²©ÌìÌÃ